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People First Glossary

Below is a list of commonly accepted terms to be used in conjunction with People First language. This reference is drawn from a variety of credible sources such as subject-matter experts, state and federal law or other current publications.

Group Home

A small congregate living setting that is licensed to provide 24-hour residential supports for people who have disabilities in exchange for compensation from federal and state or private sections. Group homes differ in the numbers of people served and in the level of support provided to the persons receiving services. State law dictates how services will be provided and methods of accountability for service provision.

Guardian

A person or organization appointed by the court for the purpose of performing duties related to the care, custody, or control of an individual and which may include, but is not limited to, consenting for medical/surgical or treatment procedures and handling of business and legal affairs. In the case of a minor, it is a parent or some standing in "loco parentis".

Habilitation

Training, care and specialized therapies that assist a person with a developmental disability achieve or maintain progress in a developmental skill area.

Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS)

HCBS programs offer different service choices to qualifying individuals with disabilities who have Medicaid. Services are provided in your home and community to support independence.

Impairment Related Work Expense (IRWE)

(A Social Security Administration work incentive) services or equipment, needed for a person to work because of a disability, which are paid for by the worker, such as wheelchair transportation, vehicle modifications, adaptive equipment, attendant care, medications and job coaching.

Inclusion

The term ‘‘inclusion’’, used with respect to individuals with developmental disabilities, means the acceptance and encouragement of the presence and participation of individuals with developmental disabilities, by individuals without disabilities, in social, educational, work, and community activities, that enables individuals with developmental disabilities to— (A) have friendships and relationships with individuals and families of their own choice; (B) live in homes close to community resources, with regular contact with individuals without disabilities in their communities; (C) enjoy full access to and active participation in the same community activities and types of employment as individuals without disabilities; and (D) take full advantage of their integration into the same community resources as individuals without disabilities, living, learning, working, and enjoying life in regular contact with individuals without disabilities. (114 STAT. 1682 PUBLIC LAW 106–402—OCT. 30, 2000)

Independence (as defined by federal law)

The extent to which persons with developmental disabilities exert control and choice over their own lives.

Independent Living

Independent living refers to achieving the ability to live in the home of one’s choice in the community with some level of support that may or may not be reduced over time. It also refers to learning skills that enable one to participate in activities of choice in one’s community, to manage one’s affairs, to have relationships and may include maintaining employment.

Individual Development Account (IDA)

is a special matched savings account designed to help low-income and low-wealth families accumulate savings for investments in long-term assets such as a house, higher education or a small business.

Individual Habilitation Plan (IHP)

A plan that addresses the full range of needs of a person with a disability through establishment of short- and long-term objectives and the coordination of a variety of service options to achieve those objectives. Usually those who participate in the development of such a plan are the person who the plan addresses and any other professionals associated with the plan. This model of planning has been replaced by "person-centered planning."

Individual Plan for Employment

A written plan stating long-term goals and short-term objectives that will enable a person with a disability to be successful in preparing for, obtaining and keeping a job. The plan also specifies the types of rehabilitation services to be provided for achieving employment objectives and assistive technology.

Individualized Education Program (IEP)

A written plan for children with disabilities who receive services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) through the public school system. The plan details the child’s current level of performance, measurable goals, ways in which these goals will be accomplished, and the frequency and duration of the services and supports to be provided.

Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)

A written plan for providing early intervention services to preschool children with developmental disabilities, preschool children at risk for developmental disabilities or preschool children experiencing a developmental delay and to their families.

Individualized Supports

The term "individualized supports" means supports that—(A) enable an individual with a developmental disability to exercise self-determination, be independent, be productive, and be integrated and included in all facets of community life; (B) are designed to— (i) enable such individual to control such individual’s environment, permitting the most independent life possible; (ii) prevent placement into a more restrictive living arrangement than is necessary; and (iii) enable such individual to live, learn, work, and enjoy life in the community; and (C) include—(i) early intervention services; (ii) respite care; (iii) personal assistance services; (iv) family support services; (v) supported employment services; (vi) support services for families headed by aging caregivers of individuals with developmental disabilities; And (vii) provision of rehabilitation technology and assistive technology, and assistive technology services. (114 STAT. 1682 PUBLIC LAW 106–402—OCT. 30, 2000)

Individualized Written Rehabilitation Program (IWRP)

The primary tool used by the vocational rehabilitation counselor and the prospective supported employee to identify the goal, content, cost, duration and sponsor(s) of substantial services.

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North Carolina Council on Developmental Disabilities

Office Hours: 9AM-4PM Monday-Friday
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This project was supported, in part by grant number 2001NCSCDD-02, from the U.S. Administration for Community Living, Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, D.C. 20201. Grantees undertaking projects with government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their findings and conclusions. Points of view or opinions do not, therefore, necessarily represent official ACL policy.

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